Part of Speech

Adjective

Pronunciation

/ɪnˈtɛmpərət/

Definitions

• Lacking moderation; excessive or immoderate, especially in behavior, speech, or appetite.
• Characterized by a lack of restraint or temperance.
• Given to excessive indulgence, particularly in drinking or eating.

Usage Examples

• "His intemperate behavior at the party caused quite a stir."
• "The intemperate consumption of alcohol can have serious health consequences."
• "Her intemperate remarks at the meeting led to her being reprimanded."

Etymology

Derived from Latin "intemperatus," meaning "immoderate," formed by the prefix "in-" (not) and "temperatus" (moderated, tempered). First used in the early 16th century.

Synonyms

• Excessive
• Immoderate
• Unrestrained
• Overindulgent
• Intoxicated

Antonyms

• Moderate
• Temperate
• Restraint
• Abstemious
• Self-controlled

Translations

Regional Pronunciation Variations

In American English, the pronunciation tends to stress the second syllable (/ɪnˈtɛmpərət/). In British English, the emphasis may be slightly more even across syllables, but the pronunciation remains similar. Regional differences within both countries might slightly alter the stress or rhythm of the word.

Historical Usage

The term "intemperate" has been in use since the 16th century, initially describing excessive behavior, particularly in drinking. It has evolved to describe immoderate conduct in various domains, including speech and appetites. Historically, it was often used in moral and religious contexts to indicate a lack of self-restraint or indulgence in vice.

Cultural Nuances

Intemperance has long been associated with excess, particularly in the context of consumption—whether of alcohol, food, or even emotions. Many cultures, especially those with religious or philosophical traditions emphasizing temperance, view intemperate behavior negatively, as it undermines personal and social harmony. The concept of intemperance is often central to moral teachings in Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism, where the avoidance of excess is seen as a key to spiritual growth and well-being.

More Information

Intemperate behavior, once commonly associated with overindulgence in alcohol, has grown to encompass a wide range of actions and attitudes marked by a lack of self-restraint. In modern contexts, the word can describe anything from extreme political rhetoric to excessive consumerism. Understanding intemperance is crucial in discussions of health, addiction, and societal moderation, where balancing indulgence with restraint is seen as essential to a well-functioning individual and society.