Cynicism

Part of Speech

Noun

Pronunciation

/ˈsɪnɪˌsɪzəm/ (English)

Definitions

1. An inclination to believe that people are motivated purely by self-interest; skepticism.
2. A pessimistic attitude characterized by distrust in human sincerity and motives.
3. (Philosophy) The beliefs and lifestyle of the ancient Cynic philosophers, who rejected materialism and social conventions.

Usage Examples

• His cynicism made it difficult for him to trust anyone's intentions.
• The growing cynicism in politics has led to widespread voter apathy.
• In ancient Greece, Cynicism was a school of thought that promoted simplicity and virtue.

Etymology

From Latin cynismus, from Greek kynismos (κυνισμός), derived from kynikos (κυνικός, "dog-like"), referring to the Cynic philosophers who rejected conventional desires for wealth, power, and status.

Synonyms

• Skepticism
• Mistrust
• Distrust
• Pessimism

Antonyms

• Optimism
• Trust
• Idealism

Translations

Regional Pronunciation Variations

• British English: /ˈsɪnɪˌsɪzəm/
• American English: /ˈsɪnəˌsɪzəm/

Historical Usage

The term originally referred to the teachings of the Cynic philosophers in ancient Greece. Over time, it evolved into a term describing distrust in human sincerity, becoming a common descriptor for skepticism towards politics, relationships, and social norms.

Cultural Nuances

In Western cultures, cynicism is often linked to skepticism and a critical view of society. In contrast, some Eastern philosophies promote a more harmonious worldview, where skepticism is balanced with spiritual optimism.

More Information

Cynicism can be both a useful critical perspective and a negative outlook. While it allows individuals to question authority and norms, excessive cynicism may lead to distrust and detachment. Many literary and philosophical figures, such as Diogenes of Sinope, have embodied cynicism as a way of life.