Part of Speech

Verb

Pronunciation

kən-SPIER

Definitions

• 1. To secretly plan or plot together with others, especially to achieve a harmful or unlawful goal.
• 2. To act in harmony toward a common end, especially in a covert or secretive manner.

Usage Examples

• The group of rebels conspired to overthrow the government.
• They conspired in secrecy to bring about the downfall of their rival.
• The criminals conspired to rob the bank under the cover of night.
• The two companies conspired to control the market by forming a secret alliance.

Etymology

From Middle English conspiren, from Old French conspirer, from Latin conspirare meaning "to breathe together," from com- (together) + spirare (to breathe). Originally, it referred to "breathing together in unison," but the modern meaning of secretly planning or plotting together emerged later in the 16th century.

Synonyms

• Plot
• Scheme
• Collaborate
• Collaborate in secret
• Plan

Antonyms

• Disagree
• Oppose
• Refuse
• Resist
• Protest

Translations

Regional Pronunciation Variations

In certain regions, particularly in British English, the "r" in "conspire" may be more pronounced, whereas in American English, the "r" is often softer and less stressed. In non-native English dialects, the pronunciation might be adjusted according to local phonetic rules, such as in South Asia where vowels are more emphasized.

Historical Usage

The word "conspire" was used in the 14th century and often referred to the act of plotting or scheming in secret, typically for political or military purposes. It gained widespread usage during times of social upheaval, when political revolutions and conspiracies against monarchies were common. Over the centuries, its meaning expanded to include any secret plan, not limited to political or violent plots.

Cultural Nuances

In many cultures, conspiracy is associated with negative connotations of betrayal, dishonesty, or malfeasance. However, in certain contexts, especially in literature and film, "conspiring" can also carry a sense of camaraderie, particularly when the individuals involved share a common cause. The idea of conspiracy is often romanticized in stories of underdogs plotting against corrupt systems, creating a more complex and sometimes positive view of the term.

More Information

To conspire means to secretly plan or plot with others, often for an unlawful or harmful purpose. This term has been used throughout history in various contexts, from political revolutions and criminal activities to more modern corporate and personal plots. While the term has a distinctly negative connotation in many cases, there are instances where conspiring can be framed in a more neutral or even positive light, such as conspiring for the good of a community or cause. Despite its age, the concept of conspiracy remains relevant, especially in today’s media landscape where the term often refers to complex, secretive actions and theories.