Part of Speech

Noun

Pronunciation

/ˈænɪməs/

Definitions

• A feeling of hostility, animosity, or ill-will.
• The basic drive or intention behind actions, especially in a psychological or philosophical context (e.g., Carl Jung's theory of the animus in the unconscious mind).
• In historical contexts, "animus" can refer to a strong, underlying force or spirit in individuals or groups, often related to conflict or power.

Usage Examples

• The animus between the two countries has lasted for generations.
• Her actions were motivated by a deep animus toward her former employer.
• In Jungian psychology, the animus represents the masculine aspect of a woman’s unconscious mind.

Etymology

From Latin "animus," meaning "mind," "spirit," "soul," or "courage." The word has been used in English since the early 17th century, originally referring to one's spirit or mental state, and later evolving to refer to hostility or antagonism.

Synonyms

• Hostility
• Hatred
• Bitterness
• Animosity
• Rancor

Antonyms

• Amity
• Friendship
• Goodwill
• Harmony
• Affection

Translations

Regional Pronunciation Variations

• In American English, "animus" is pronounced with a softer "i" sound in the first syllable: /ˈænɪməs/.
• In British English, the pronunciation may be more stressed on the first syllable: /ˈænɪməs/.

Historical Usage

The term "animus" has been in use since the 17th century. Originally referring to a person's spirit or soul, it later gained the connotation of hostility or animosity. In psychological theory, Carl Jung used the term to refer to the unconscious masculine side of a woman’s personality, further expanding its use in modern contexts.

Cultural Nuances

In many cultures, animus is associated with conflict and negative emotions, such as rivalry or hatred. However, in Jungian psychology, animus is not necessarily negative; it represents the internalized masculine qualities in women, which can also reflect power, logic, and action. In some philosophical traditions, animus is seen as a force that drives individuals toward their goals, both constructive and destructive.

More Information

Animus is a complex term that has evolved from its original use referring to the soul or spirit to its current association with antagonism or inner psychological forces. In psychology, particularly Jungian theory, the animus plays an important role in understanding the dynamics of the unconscious mind. The study of animus is not only relevant to psychology but also to philosophy, where it relates to the spiritual or moral inclinations of the individual. In modern contexts, the term can also be used in discussions of personal or political animosity, particularly when intense feelings are at play.