Artillery

Part of Speech

noun

Pronunciation

/ɑːˈtɪl.ə.ri/

Definitions

• Large-caliber guns used in warfare, including cannons, howitzers, and mortars, capable of firing shells or projectiles over long distances.
• The branch of the military that specializes in the operation and management of artillery weapons and units.
• Weaponry or equipment used for heavy bombardment or long-range fire support during combat situations.

Usage Examples

• The artillery was positioned at the rear of the battlefield, providing support fire to the advancing troops.
• During the war, the artillery units played a key role in softening up enemy defenses before the infantry moved in.

Etymology

The word "artillery" comes from the Old French "artillerie," which originally referred to military equipment or weapons, derived from the verb "artiller," meaning "to equip or furnish with weapons." The term dates back to the late 14th century and evolved to specifically denote large weapons such as cannons and mortars used in battle.

Synonyms

• Guns
• Cannonry
• Heavy weapons
• Big guns

Antonyms

• Infantry
• Foot soldiers
• Light arms
• Small arms

Translations

Regional Pronunciation Variations

• In American English, "artillery" is often pronounced with a clear "r" sound in the second syllable.
• In British English, the pronunciation tends to emphasize the first syllable, and the "r" sound is softer.

Historical Usage

The term "artillery" first appeared in the 14th century, initially referring to military equipment used for siege warfare. As technological advancements led to the development of cannons, mortars, and other large weapons, the term evolved to denote these specific artillery systems. Artillery became a vital part of military tactics in both the Napoleonic Wars and World Wars I and II, where its destructive power changed the nature of warfare.

Cultural Nuances

In various cultures, artillery is viewed as a symbol of military might and technological innovation. In ancient and medieval warfare, artillery pieces like trebuchets and ballistae were crucial in siege warfare. Over time, the development of gunpowder artillery revolutionized warfare, marking a shift from traditional hand-to-hand combat to modern military tactics. In contemporary times, the role of artillery has been overshadowed by missile and air defense systems, but artillery remains an important part of many military forces.

More Information

Artillery is essential in modern and historical warfare due to its ability to deliver powerful long-range firepower. It encompasses a variety of weapons, such as cannons, howitzers, field guns, and rocket artillery, designed to attack enemy forces from a distance. Artillery units are often positioned behind infantry lines, providing indirect fire support. With the advancement of technology, modern artillery systems now incorporate guided projectiles and automated systems to increase accuracy and effectiveness. Today, artillery plays a critical role in military strategy, supporting infantry and armored units in various combat scenarios.