Cough

Part of Speech

Noun, Verb

Pronunciation

/kɔːf/ (UK), /kɑːf/ (US)

Definitions

• Noun: A sudden, forceful release of air from the lungs, often to clear the throat or respiratory passages. It can be a reflex or a symptom of illness.
• Verb: To expel air from the lungs suddenly and noisily, typically due to irritation or illness.

Usage Examples

• He had a persistent cough that lasted for weeks.
• She coughed loudly during the meeting, causing everyone to turn around.
• The doctor advised her to cough to clear her chest.

Etymology

Originating from Middle English "coff," from Old French "cougher," of imitative origin. The word was used in various forms in early European languages to represent the sound of coughing or the act of coughing.

Synonyms

• Hack
• Choke
• Clear the throat
• Expectorate

Antonyms

• Silence
• Calm
• Tranquility

Translations

Regional Pronunciation Variations

In British English, the word "cough" is pronounced with a softer "o" sound, whereas in American English, the "o" sound tends to be a bit more pronounced. In some regions, especially in the US, you may hear the sound resembling "koff" or "cawf".

Historical Usage

The word "cough" has been in use since the 14th century in English. Its use primarily referred to the reflex action of expelling air from the lungs forcefully. Over time, the term has broadened to include not only physical coughing but also a metaphorical sense, such as "a cough of disapproval." The concept of coughing has always been tied to health and illness, particularly respiratory ailments.

Cultural Nuances

In various cultures, coughing is sometimes viewed as a social cue. For example, in some cultures, a loud cough might be perceived as a sign of disrespect or rudeness, while in others, it might be an accepted form of expressing discomfort. Additionally, coughing is often linked with seasonal allergies, colds, and respiratory diseases, and is commonly associated with taking medicine or seeking medical attention.

More Information

Coughing is a natural reflex designed to clear the throat and airways of irritants, mucus, or foreign particles. While an occasional cough is typically harmless, a persistent cough can indicate an underlying health condition, such as asthma, bronchitis, or even tuberculosis. The cough reflex can be triggered by irritants in the environment, such as dust or smoke, or by infections. Treatment for coughing depends on the underlying cause, and it may range from over-the-counter medications to more serious interventions if a chronic condition is present.